纳米晶MgSO4·5Mg(OH)2·3H2O合成与表征

纳米材料由于具有表面、体积和量子尺寸效应的特殊性而受到广泛重视[1～3]. 微米级硫氧镁晶须作为塑料添加增强和阻燃剂已有报道[4～7]. 纳米晶MgSO4*5Mg(OH)2*3H2O不仅对塑料起补强作用, 而且其粒度小, 使塑料变得更致密, 强度、韧性与防水性能大大提高. 目前纳米材料的合成方法多种多样[8～10], 本文采用水热法制得纳米硫氧镁晶粒, 产物纯度高、分散性好且粒度易控制.     

Surface chemistry of nanoscale Fe_3O_4 dispersed in magnetic fluids

The interaction between stabilizers and nanoparticles is one of the important factors to prepare stable magnetic fluids. The magnetic nano-size Fe3O4 core with single domain and the average grain size around 8-12 nm were prepared by chemical precipitation method. The O/Fe molar ratio of the particle surface was measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The heat effects of stabilizers ad- sorption on nanoparticles were measured by solution calorimetry. The excess amount of oxygen was possibly the result of the hydroxygen formed on the surface of the nanoparticles. The heat effects showed that compounds containing carboxyl groups can be adsorbed chemically on magnetite by forming chemical bonds. The other stabilizers involving NH-groups, such as polyethylene-imine, can be adsorbed physically. The exothermic value is about half of the former case.     

PREPARATION OF CUO/γ-Al2O3 CATALYSTS FOR CATALYTIC COMBUSTION VOCS VIA PLASMA

CuO/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were prepared by plasma treatment and conventional impregnation methods. The catalytic combustion of two kinds of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), toluene and benzene, were carried out over these CuO/γ-Al2O3 catalysts. The surface properties of these catalysts were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The experimental results showed that in catalytic combustion the activity of the CuO/γ-Al2O3 catalyst prepared via plasma was much higher than that of the CuO/γ-Al2O3 catalyst prepared by conventional impregnation method. XRD results showed that an enhanced dispersion had been achieved with the plasma treatment. SEM results indicated that the size became much smaller and the surface became more uniform with the plasma treatment.     

磷化氢与环烯烃反应的原位^3^1P NMR研究

本文应用加压原位核磁共振波谱技术, 在反应温度50-70℃、反应压力1.0-2.0MPa, 氘代苯为溶剂, 偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂的条件下, 考察了磷化氢与环烯烃1, 5-环辛二烯、双环戊二烯、1, 3-环己二烯、1, 4-环己二烯及1, 5, 9-环十二三烯的反应。实验结果表明, 磷化氢与1, 5-环辛二烯反应主要生成双环膦杂环壬烷; 与其它环烯烃均不生成膦杂环化合物, 仅为一取代伯膦或二取代仲膦产物。磷化氢与环烯烃反应仍为串行机理。     

卟啉化合物的研究——ⅩⅤ.双卟啉的合成及其与钴离子的络合反应

将双卟啉化合物作为“合成反应中心”是人工光合作用研究中很活跃的一个领域。困难的是,人们还不知道怎样排布两个卟啉环,分子才具有最有效传递电子和能量的构象。本文按下列反应合成了一个以柔性链连接的双卟啉化合物(3),以期当分子中络合金属后,籍助两个金属的协同作用和链的可塑性,达到在光反应过程中取最佳构象的目的(见图1)。化合物(1)按文献[1]合成。2、3尚未见报道,它们的结构,经元素分析及波谱分析确认。本文还研究了3与Co~(2 )络合反应的动力     

氨基氮杂环荧光分子改性苯乙烯马来酸酐共聚物的研究

荧光高分子材料 ,由于其独特光学性质 ,成为功能高分子研究热点[1～ 3 ] .一般而言 ,荧光聚合物的合成有两种方法 ,一是首先合成荧光单体 ,然后与其他适宜单体聚合 ,得到荧光聚合物 ,然而荧光单体结构复杂 ,提纯困难 ,难以获得高分子量、成膜性能好的聚合物[4] ;另一种方法是通过官能团的反应 ,用荧光物质对聚合物进行化学改性来制备[5,6] .苯乙烯 马来酸酐共聚物 (ＳＭＡ)是一类成本低廉 ,性能良好的商品化聚合物材料 ,主链中含有具有反应性能的酸酐基团 ,这就使通过化学改性制备荧光聚合物成为可能 .本文通过 2 氨基苯并咪唑 ( 1 ) ,4 …     

原油乳状液稳定性和破乳研究进展

本文从控制乳状液稳定性的一些因素－界面膜、界面张力、双电层、空间位阻、固体粒子、液晶、油相溶解度、连续相粘度等方面综述了有关乳状液稳定性的一些研究进展。对国内外有关原油乳状液的破乳研究也做了综述。同时，介绍了应用于乳状液稳定性研究的新的实验技术和仪器。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定强化奶粉中β-胡萝卜素含量

采用碱皂化石油醚提取,Kromasil C18柱分离,以甲醇∶氯仿=75∶25等度淋洗,二极管阵列检测器检测,测定了强化奶粉中β-胡萝卜素含量.对最佳皂化用碱量、皂化时间、α、β-胡罗卜素及β-胡罗卜素异构体分离条件进行了探索.该方法回收率为91.6%~96.3%,其标准偏差、变异系数分别为1.64%及1.76%.方法简便、快速,精密度及准确度在允许范围内,适用于奶粉中β-胡罗卜素的测定.     

颗粒性甲烷单加氧酶的电子供体研究

从甲基弯菌M ethylosinus trichosporium IMV3011的膜中分离出颗粒性甲烷单加氧酶（Particulate MMO,Pmmo）t和NADH脱氢酶，只有当两者同时存在，并添加去垢剂解离膜组分时，NDAH才能为pMMO提供还原当量，对苯二酚能够在整细胞和膜水平代替NADH作为PMMO的电子供体，对于纯化的PMMO，对苯二分配仍是有效的电子供体，而NADH却是无效的电子供体。在NADH脱氢酶存在下，NADH可将对苯醌还原为对苯二酚，纯化过程中，采用对苯二酚作为PMMO活性分析时的电子供体，不必共纯化NADH脱氢酶，且有利于对PMMO活性中心进行深入研究。     

化合物Cs5EuCl8·14H2O和Cs2EuCl5·4H2O的制备和荧光性

The two new compounds Cs₅EuCl₈·14H₅O(5∶1 type) and Cs₂EuCl₅·4H₂O(2∶1 type) were found and syn-thesized from CsCl-EuCl₃-11%HCl-H₂O quaternary systems by phase equilibrium method, and were characterized and measured by ultra-violet absorption spectrometry and fluorescence spectrum. The results show that upconversion spectrum exhibit at 590nm and 610nm exited at 790nm, and the upconversion intensity increases with the EuCl₃ ratio increasing in CsCl.